#elcano and magellan

[aishabellasbigblogofeverything]

This looks like some real road to El Dorado, Aila test-failing, colonizer white male power fantasy propaganda shit all over again. 

Hey guys, if this movie is showing wherever you are, please boycott it

There are so many things wrong with it and it is Extremely disrespectful to Filipinos.

1. Ferdinand Magellan was sent by Spain to search for Moluccas, but ended up on Philippine shores. This is during the time European colonizers competed with each other as to who gets to colonize most of the world.

2. This movie is framing Lapu-Lapu, a Filipino hero, as a villain. The irony right? Lapu-Lapu was a chief of his tribe. He led them to battle to protect them and their land from these colonizers. It was rightfully so.

3. These colonizers had the goal of taking Gold, converting people to their Christian God, and achieving Glory in conquering the rest of the world. These white men saw how much gold the Filipinos had and wanted them for themselves.

4. Knowing they made the colonizers the protagonists here, it's very likely the Filipinos will be portrayed as savages. Which is again, very disrespectful. There were early accounts providing that pre-colonial Filipinos were actually civilized. Do not believe the accounts likening Filipinos to monkeys. Our National Hero, Dr. Jose Rizal has produced a written work debunking that and proving that pre-colonial Filipinos were civilized and had systems that worked in governing people. Pre-colonial Filipinos treated women as equals of men too.

5. And making that POC to be an ally of Magellan? Apalling. Her name is also the name of one of the major Philippine Islands which were also one of the first places Spain conquered in the Philippines.

6. They also made the Filipino chieftain of Cebu, highly dependent upon the colonizers to fix his tribe's problems. This was not at all the case. The tribe had a government system and its own rules to deal with predicaments. The heads of tribes which did not attack the colonizers, were converted into Christianity and it took blood compacts to seal agreements between the tribes and the colonizers.

7. People were also saying a lot of the character designs look unoriginal and that the designs were ripped off El Dorado. And a lot of the designs for the Filipinos don't even look like Filipinos.

So yeah. I'm just very heated about this. This is an atrocity and deserves no one to see it. May the spirits of the fallen pre-colonial warriors haunt and torment the scum behind this movie.

[whencyclopedia]

Ferdinand Magellan, or Fernão de Magalhães (c. 1480-1521), was a Portuguese mariner whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22 in the service of Spain. Magellan was killed on the voyage in what is today the Philippines, and only 22 of the original 270 crew members made it back to Europe. Discovering what became known as the Straits of Magellan in southern Patagonia and a passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, the voyage achieved its goal of showing that a route to Asia could be found by sailing west from Europe. The voyage was full of achievements, notable firsts, and a lifetime’s worth of new sights and experiences. There were also tremendous hardships and a major mutiny. The only ship of the original fleet of five to complete the voyage around the world was the Victoria, commanded by Juan Sebastian Elcano and packed full of precious spices. The round trip had taken three years and covered 60,000 miles. Not for nothing has this first circumnavigation been described as the greatest voyage of exploration ever undertaken.

[ltwilliammowett]

In door no.4 we go on a journey of discovery and see what surprises the Nao Victoria has for us...

Nao Victoria

More about her here:

The Victoria was one of five ships in Ferdinand Magellan's Armada, which set sail on behalf of the Spanish crown in 1519 to find a western sea route to the Moluccas. In 1522, the Victoria was the only ship in the Armada to return to Spain from East Asia on its way through the Indian Ocean and around the Cape of Good Hope, thus completing the first historically documented circumnavigation of the globe.

She was originally named Santa María and belonged to a shipping family from the Basque harbour town of Ondarroa. In September 1518, the Spanish government had the ship, which was moored in the harbour of Cádiz and already loaded for a voyage to London, confiscated for Magellan's Moluccan expedition and compensated the previous owners with 800 ducats. A contract about the expropriation is preserved in the archives of the notaries of Seville. In it, one of the previous owners, a certain Pedro de Arismendi, declares that the ship was taken from him against his will and that the sum paid in compensation was too low. After the expropriation, the ship was renamed Santa María de la Victoria in honour of an image of a saint that was venerated in the convent of the same name of the Pauline Order in Triana and which is now in the Carmelite convent of Santa Ana, also in Triana. Since its renaming, the ship is usually referred to by its short form Vitoria or Victoria.

On 20 September 1519, the squadron sailed from Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Spain. Luis de Mendoza was the captain of the Victoria. Mendoza was killed in a mutiny in Puerto San Julián on 1 April 1520. After Magellan's violent death on 27 April 1521 on the Philippine island of Mactán, the former profos of the Armada, Gonzálo Gómez de Espinosa, initially took command of the Victoria. At the northern tip of Borneo, command was transferred to the boatswain Juan Sebastián Elcano, who held it until the return to Spain. Shortly before the end of the voyage, the Portuguese captured part of the crew on Santiago (Cape Verde). Hunger and scurvy decimated the crew, the ship was in a wretched condition and had to be bilged around the clock in the end. On 6 September 1522, the Victoria reached Sanlúcar de Barrameda, its port of departure at the mouth of the Guadalquivir. Of the original 237 members of the expedition, only 18 Europeans and four Asians reached their home port. The first circumnavigation was complete. It had taken two years, 11 months and two weeks and brought home 25 tonnes of spices. Contrary to what is often claimed, the proceeds from their sale were not enough to cover the costs of the endeavour.

After her return from the Moluccas, the Victoria was auctioned off to the highest bidder in Seville in February 1523. The winning bid was placed by a merchant from Genoa, who had the ship refloated and fitted out for an Atlantic crossing to Santo Domingo in 1525. From then on, she sailed for almost fifty years before she was lost with all hands around 1570 on the voyage from the Antilles to Seville.

[zephycluster]

So, this article was brought to my attention...

Sauce: https://collider.com/danny-trejo-cast-1521-movie/ And was immediately reminded of this:

Also Sauce: https://www.asianjournal.com/entertainment/showbiz/massive-outrage-sparks-over-spanish-produced-animated-feature-on-magellan-elcano/

I checked the article and found this:

Anyone else getting a "Piri was so salty about Spain's version he complained to America and America's like 'We'll make our own movie! With blackjack and hookers!'." kinda vibe? Murica gotta look out for his former colony after all. XD

[baka-monarch]

Was watching Saberspark's video on Elcano & Magellan (and why it's an absolutely horrible movie and very offensive) and after his review he took the time to give a bit of a history lesson and explain what actually happened in Magellan's voyage

And I'm so glad he did because history class has lied to me yet again! (Not surprising, I figured they did but I didn't know all that was lied about)

Because when I was little I was taught like what led to Magellan's voyage happening and that he went and stopped at South America to trade and convert people to Christianity (I did already have figured out that him and his crew raped people and killed people) then went to the Philippines and was eaten by cannibals, and i was always told that that was how he died

Like

Even when I figured out that history class was dumb and lying when I asked my family (the members who usually know the more unbiased part of history, my dad and my sister) about what actually happened they did know about Magellan sucking but they also claimed that he died from being eaten by cannibals and that after that his crew left the Philippines and went straight back to Spain

BUT THAT'S NOT WHAT HAPPENED

I didn't even know the name Lapu Lapu until today! I didn't even know about these Spaniards getting their asses kicked by Lapu Lapu and his people, nor did I know about how the natives on the island that convinced Magellan to try and kill Lapu Lapu poisoned his crew and ran them off

I knew about none of this stuff!!!!

Literally everyone around me just like all agreed and accepted that Magellan got off his boat in the Philippines and was immediately eaten by cannibals! But that's so fucking racist! (Especially since I've met people who heard of it and because of it were like "I'd never go to the Philippines because there's cannibals there" like no, shut up, even before learning about this stuff I figured there probably weren't modern cannibals eating tourists in the Philippines but holy fucking shit what the fuck genuinely what the fuck-)

[neechees]

There was Animated Movie in Spain was much worse than Avatar 2

The movie was called Elcano & Magellan where they portray Lapulapu as a Villain

Yikes 😬

That IS terrible wtf

[anitosoul]

music to kill yr colonizers to.

Lapu-Lapu is widely known as a hero who opposed colonization by vanquishing Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan in the Battle of Mactan on April 27, 1521. Lapu Lapu was one of the two datus (chiefs) of the island of Mactan, near Cebu, in the Philippines, when Magellan arrived to the area.

In this context of rivalry between Rajah Humabon and Lapu Lapu came the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan as leader of the expedition later known as Magellan-Elcano, which would be the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe.

Upon his arrival in Cebu, Magellan forged an alliance with Rajah Humabon, who offered supplies and tribute in exchange for Magellan’s military force to subdue Lapu Lapu.

The expedition led by Magellan engaged in battle against Lapu Lapu on the island of Mactan combining the European soldiers with hundreds of Rajah Humabon’s warriors, but Lapu Lapu’s troops resisted in battle, rejected Rajah Humabon’s demands, and ended Magellan’s life.

[sins-of-the-sea]

"Oh, boy, who's ready to go through the 2-year voyage of trauma all over again?"

"Not me."

"Not me."

"Not me."

"Not me either, but we're going for a ride anyway. Here is to hoping it's not 'Lapu-Lapu' or 'Elcano & Magellan: The First Voyage Around the World' all over again. At least 'Amaya' had some quality writing...."

[situstterpercaya]

Francisco Pizarro

Juan Sebastián Elcano adalah pelaut Spanyol yang melanjutkan ekspedisi Magellan setelah kematian Magellan di Filipina. Elcano berhasil menyelesaikan pelayaran keliling dunia dan kembali ke Spanyol pada tahun 1522. Keberhasilan Elcano dalam menyelesaikan ekspedisi ini membuktikan kemungkinan perjalanan keliling dunia, memberikan kontribusi besar pada pemahaman navigasi global dan membuka peluang baru dalam penjelajahan dan perdagangan.

𝐁𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐚 𝐋𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐤𝐚𝐩𝐧𝐲𝐚 : Klik disin

[factinhistory]

What Happened on September 20 in History?

September 20 is a date that has witnessed a multitude of significant events throughout history. From political upheavals to cultural milestones, this day serves as a reminder of the myriad ways in which human actions have shaped our world. As the 263rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, September 20 is not only a marker of time but also a canvas for historical narratives that reflect the complexities of human experience. This article will explore various noteworthy events that occurred on this day across different years, highlighting their significance and impact.

The events that transpired on September 20 span various domains, including politics, warfare, culture, and social justice. Each incident contributes to a broader understanding of historical trends and societal changes. By examining these events, we can glean insights into the forces that have influenced nations and cultures over time. This exploration will cover major occurrences from ancient sieges to modern declarations of war, showcasing the diverse tapestry of history woven through this particular date.

What Happened on September 20 in History?

The Siege of Jerusalem (1187)

On September 20, 1187, Saladin commenced the Siege of Jerusalem, marking a pivotal moment in the Crusades. This military campaign aimed to reclaim Jerusalem from the Crusader states established in the Holy Land. Saladin’s forces surrounded the city, which had been under Christian control since the First Crusade in 1099. The siege was characterized by intense fighting and strategic maneuvers as Saladin sought to weaken the defenses and morale of the city’s inhabitants.

The fall of Jerusalem was not merely a military victory; it held profound religious significance for both Muslims and Christians. For Muslims, it represented a reclaiming of one of Islam’s holiest sites. For Christians, it was a devastating blow that underscored the fragility of their hold on territories gained during the Crusades. The siege culminated in October when Jerusalem surrendered, leading to Saladin’s lenient treatment of its Christian inhabitants—an act that would become legendary in both Islamic and Christian narratives.

The First Successful Circumnavigation (1519)

On September 20, 1519, Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan set sail from Spain on an expedition that would lead to the first successful circumnavigation of the globe. This journey was monumental not only for its navigational achievements but also for its implications on global trade and cultural exchanges. Magellan’s fleet aimed to find a westward route to the Spice Islands, which were highly coveted for their valuable spices.

Despite facing numerous challenges—including mutinies, harsh weather conditions, and encounters with indigenous populations—Magellan’s expedition eventually reached the Philippines in 1521. Tragically, Magellan did not survive to complete the journey; he was killed in battle with local tribes. However, his expedition continued under the command of Juan Sebastián Elcano, ultimately returning to Spain in 1522. This voyage expanded European knowledge of geography and established new trade routes that would have lasting effects on global commerce.

The Capture of Delhi (1857)

On September 20, 1857, British troops captured Delhi during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny. This uprising marked a significant turning point in Indian history as it represented widespread resistance against British colonial rule. The rebellion began as a mutiny by Indian soldiers (sepoys) who were discontent with their treatment and various policies imposed by the British East India Company.

The capture of Delhi was crucial for the British as it symbolized their dominance over India. After intense fighting, British forces managed to retake control of the city from rebel forces. This event led to severe reprisals against Indian rebels and civilians alike and marked a shift in British policy towards direct governance over India rather than indirect rule through local princes. The rebellion ultimately laid the groundwork for future movements toward Indian independence.

Chester A. Arthur Becomes President (1881)

On September 20, 1881, Chester A. Arthur was sworn in as the 21st president of the United States following the assassination of James A. Garfield. Arthur’s ascension to the presidency came at a time when America was grappling with significant political corruption and reform movements aimed at addressing these issues. Initially seen as a product of machine politics due to his ties with New York’s Republican Party bosses, Arthur surprised many by advocating for civil service reform.

During his presidency, Arthur worked to implement reforms that would reduce corruption within government appointments and promote merit-based hiring practices. His efforts culminated in the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883, which established a system for federal employment based on competitive examinations rather than political connections. Arthur’s presidency is often viewed as a transitional period that set important precedents for future administrations.

The Cannes Film Festival Begins (1946)

The inaugural Cannes Film Festival commenced on September 20, 1946, marking a significant event in cinematic history. Originally intended to be held in 1939 but postponed due to World War II, this festival aimed to showcase international films and promote cultural exchange through cinema. The first festival featured entries from twenty-one countries and set the stage for what would become one of the most prestigious film festivals globally.

Cannes quickly gained recognition for its glamorous atmosphere and its role in launching films into international acclaim. Over time, it became synonymous with high-quality cinema and has served as a platform for filmmakers worldwide to present their work to critics and audiences alike. The festival has evolved into an essential event in the film industry calendar, influencing trends and shaping cinematic discourse.

James Meredith Enrolls at Ole Miss (1962)

On September 20, 1962, James Meredith became the first African American student to enroll at the University of Mississippi (Ole Miss), an event that highlighted racial tensions in America during the Civil Rights Movement. Meredith’s admission was met with fierce opposition from segregationists and state officials who sought to maintain racial segregation in educational institutions.

The situation escalated into violence when Governor Ross Barnett attempted to block Meredith’s enrollment. Federal intervention was necessary to ensure his safety and allow him access to education without discrimination. This event underscored the broader struggle for civil rights in America and became emblematic of resistance against segregationist policies across southern states.

Declaration of War on Terror (2001)

On September 20, 2001, U.S. President George W. Bush addressed Congress following the September 11 terrorist attacks and declared a global “War on Terror.” This declaration marked a significant shift in U.S. foreign policy as it initiated military action against terrorist organizations worldwide, particularly al-Qaeda.

Bush’s speech outlined objectives such as holding accountable those responsible for terrorism while emphasizing national security and defense against future attacks. The declaration led to military interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq over subsequent years, fundamentally altering international relations and prompting debates about security versus civil liberties within American society.

Repeal of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” (2011)

On September 20, 2011, the U.S. military officially repealed its “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy, allowing gay and lesbian service members to serve openly without fear of discharge due to their sexual orientation. This policy change represented a significant victory for LGBTQ+ rights advocates who had long campaigned against discriminatory practices within military service.

The repeal marked an important step toward greater inclusivity within armed forces and reflected broader societal shifts regarding LGBTQ+ acceptance during this period. It enabled individuals who had previously concealed their identities out of fear or discrimination to serve authentically while contributing their skills and talents to national defense efforts.

Hurricane Maria Strikes Puerto Rico (2017)

On September 20, 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico as one of the most devastating storms in recent history. With winds exceeding 150 mph, Maria caused catastrophic damage across the island—destroying infrastructure, homes, and power systems while resulting in widespread humanitarian crises.

The aftermath revealed significant deficiencies in disaster preparedness and response at both local and federal levels. Recovery efforts were hampered by logistical challenges exacerbated by bureaucratic delays; estimates suggest that nearly three thousand lives were lost due to related causes following the storm’s passage through Puerto Rico—a stark reminder of climate change’s impact on vulnerable communities.

Conclusion

Throughout history, September 20 has been marked by events that have shaped societies across different eras—from military sieges and political upheavals to cultural milestones and social justice victories. Each occurrence reflects broader themes within human history: resilience against oppression, pursuit of knowledge through exploration or innovation, struggles for equality amidst systemic barriers—all contributing threads woven into our collective narrative.

As we reflect upon these moments captured within time’s tapestry on this date each year—let us remember how they inform our understanding today while inspiring future generations toward progress amidst ongoing challenges faced globally.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.8 (before 1860)

70 – After the capture of Herod's Palace the previous day, a Roman army under Titus secures and plunders the city of Jerusalem. 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path to his capture of the imperial capital Chang'an and the eventual establishment of the Tang dynasty. 1100 – Election of Antipope Theodoric. 1198 – Philip of Swabia, Prince of Hohenstaufen, is crowned King of Germany (King of the Romans) 1253 – Pope Innocent IV canonises Stanislaus of Szczepanów, killed by King Bolesław II. 1264 – The Statute of Kalisz, guaranteeing Jews safety and personal liberties and giving battei din jurisdiction over Jewish matters, is promulgated by Bolesław the Pious, Duke of Greater Poland. 1276 – Pope John XXI is elected Pope. 1331 – Stefan Dušan declares himself king of Serbia. 1334 – The Battle of Adramyttion begins in which a Christian naval league defeats a Turkish fleet in several encounters. 1380 – Battle of Kulikovo: Russian forces defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols, stopping their advance. 1504 – Michelangelo's David is unveiled in Piazza della Signoria in Florence. 1514 – Battle of Orsha: In one of the biggest battles of the century, Lithuanians and Poles defeat the Russian army. 1522 – Magellan–Elcano circumnavigation: Victoria arrives at Seville, completing the first circumnavigation. 1565 – St. Augustine, Florida is founded by Spanish admiral and Florida's first governor, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés. 1655 – Warsaw falls without resistance to a small force under the command of Charles X Gustav of Sweden during The Deluge, making it the first time the city is captured by a foreign army. 1727 – A barn fire during a puppet show in the village of Burwell in Cambridgeshire, England kills 78 people, many of whom are children. 1755 – French and Indian War: Battle of Lake George. 1756 – French and Indian War: Kittanning Expedition. 1760 – French and Indian War: French surrender Montreal to the British, completing the latter's conquest of New France. 1761 – Marriage of King George III of the United Kingdom to Duchess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. 1775 – The unsuccessful Rising of the Priests in Malta. 1781 – American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Eutaw Springs in South Carolina, the war's last significant battle in the Southern theater, ends in a narrow British tactical victory. 1793 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Hondschoote. 1796 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Bassano: French forces defeat Austrian troops at Bassano del Grappa. 1810 – The Tonquin sets sail from New York Harbor with 33 employees of John Jacob Astor's newly created Pacific Fur Company on board. 1813 – At the final stage of the Peninsular War, British-Portuguese troops capture the town of Donostia (now San Sebastián), resulting in a rampage and eventual destruction of the town. 1819 – 1819 Balloon riot occurred at Vauxhall Garden in Philadelphia, PA and resulted in the destruction of the amusement park. 1831 – William IV and Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 1831 – November uprising: The Battle of Warsaw effectively ends the Polish insurrection. 1855 – Crimean War: The French assault the tower of Malakoff, leading to the capture of Sevastopol.

[sumahi]

Members of the chant group "I Fanlalaian" after their performance as part of the welcome ceremony for the Spanish ship the Juan Sebastion Elcano, which visited Guam in 2021, tracing the path of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage 500 years earlier.

[whencyclopedia]

Ferdinand Magellan

FERDINAND Magellan, or Fernão de Magalhães (c. 1480-1521), was a Portuguese mariner whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22 in the service of Spain. Magellan was killed on the voyage in what is today the Philippines, and only 22 of the original 270 crew members made it back to Europe.

Discovering what became known as the Straits of Magellan in southern Patagonia and a passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, the voyage achieved its goal of showing that a route to Asia could be found by sailing west from Europe. The voyage was full of achievements, notable firsts, and a lifetime’s worth of new sights and experiences. There were also tremendous hardships and a major mutiny. The only ship of the original fleet of five to complete the voyage around the world was the Victoria, commanded by Juan Sebastian Elcano and packed full of precious spices. The round trip had taken three years and covered 60,000 miles. Not for nothing has this first circumnavigation been described as the greatest voyage of exploration ever undertaken.

Read More Here

[postcards-and-postcrossing]

Chairs

Postcard from Portugal. Alentejo chairs by Michael Howard Photography. The stamps: Portugal 2021 – V* Centenary of the Circumnavigation Journey 1519-1521 Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastian Elcano Portugal 2021 – Portuguese coin

[punalippulaiva]

Not to detract from the fact Magalhães (Magellan is an anglified version of the original Portugese) was a monster, but it's always bothered me how he's credited as the first person to circumnavigate the Earth when he... wasn't. He never planned to circumnavigate the globe, and he killed in the Philippines (when he tried to subjugate the locals) and thus only ever made it about 2/3:s across the globe.

If someone should be credited as the first circumnavigator it's Juan Sebastián Elcano, who took command after Magalhães' death and who was the person who decided the expedition should return to Europe via the Cape of Good Hope, not retracing the route via Cape Horn like originally planned. (If Wikipedia is to be belived, Elcano was a decent leader to his own men at least, but as a member of Magalhães crew he was of course complicit in the latter's actions)

In September, astronomer Mia de los Reyes published an op-ed in the journal APS Physics, representing a coalition of astronomers calling for the renaming of two iconic, deeply studied and shining irregular galaxies near the Milky Way. One of these star-studded realms is named the Large Magellanic Cloud and the other, for reasons you'd probably expect, is named the Small Magellanic Cloud. But most importantly, what these two satellite galaxies have in common is they're named after Ferdinand Magellan.  Among other things, Magellan has gone down in history as the Portuguese explorer who murdered, enslaved and burned the homes of indigenous people while setting out to be the first person to circumnavigate the globe. As de los Reyes' article states, a first-hand account of Magellan's journey describes how he enslaved the native Teluche people, for instance, who lived in what is now Argentina, and placed iron manacles on the "youngest and best proportioned men." He's also recorded to have set entire villages ablaze in the region we now call Guam. 

Continue Reading.

[believersiasacademy]

Major Straits of the World

Part 1

A strait is a narrow body of water that connects two larger bodies of water.

It may be formed by a fracture in an isthmus, it can also be caused by Tectonic shifts.

If fractures in an isthmus are created by human activity, the straits are usually called canals.

An example of a strait that was formed by tectonic activity is the Strait of Gibraltar.

Straits of Atlantic Ocean:

Part 1

Strait of Gibraltar

The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates the Iberian Peninsula in Europe from Morocco in Africa.

The two continents are separated by 13 kilometres of ocean at the Strait’s narrowest point between Point Marroquí in Spain and Point Cires in Morocco.

The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar.

Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit.

The name comes from the Rock of Gibraltar, which in turn originates from the Arabic Jabal Ṭāriq.

It was historically known as Fretum Herculeum or Pillars of Hercules based on the myth of Hercules.

Strait of Magellan

The Strait of Magellan is a navigable sea route in southern Chile separating mainland South America to the north and Tierra del Fuego to the south.

The strait is considered the most important natural passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

It was discovered and first traversed by the Spanish expedition of Ferdinand Magellan in 1520, after whom it is named.

Prior to this, the strait had been navigated by canoe-faring indigenous peoples including the Kawésqar.

The King of Spain, Emperor Charles V, who sponsored the Magellan-Elcano expedition, changed the name to the Strait of Magellan in honor of Magellan.

The route is difficult to navigate due to frequent narrows and unpredictable winds and currents.

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